Story Analysis

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LITERATURE ANALYSIS
Title                 : “The Show Must Go On”
Author             : Richard A. Via
Analysis          : 1. Characters                 4. Plot
                       2. Point of view             5.Theme
3.Setting                        6.Style
The Show Must Go On, the drama script which is written in 1976 in U.S. The writer read it because he was interested in reading drama script in English. This drama script is written by Richard A. Via. The Show Must Go On which is wrote and published in 1976. It contains a lot ofsymbolism for a life in The Show Must Go On drama script. Moreover, there are some analzying of this story.
The first analysis is about the characters and characterization. Characters are the persons presented in works of narrative or drama who convey their personal qualities through dialogue and action by which the reader or audience understands their thoughts, feelings, intentions and motives. In literature, characters guide readers through their stories helping them to understand plots and ponder themes. The characters in this story are the students who would have to present the show. They are Helen, Joe, Bob, Linda, Frank and Mr. Gage. The main character, Bob, was very worry and so nervous when he would be in play. He could not even take a short breath. Mr. Gage was a supportive teacher. He always supported his student not to be nervous, but he was upset because his students did not have preparation well before the show. He was also worry of his students. Helen and Linda were students who were gave up. Similar to Helen and Linda, Bob and Joe also made Mr. Gage upset. They could not prepare their costume and makeup well. However, Frank still force them to hold the show. about the characters and characterization. Characters are the persons presented in works of narrative or drama who convey their personal qualities through dialogue and action by which the reader or audience understands their thoughts, feelings, intentions and motives. In literature, characters guide readers through their stories helping them to understand plots and ponder themes. The characters in this story are the students who would have to present the show. They are Helen, Joe, Bob, Linda, Frank and Mr. Gage. The main character, Bob, was very worry and so nervous when he would be in play. He could not even take a short breath. Mr. Gage was a supportive teacher. He always supported his student not to be nervous, but he was upset because his students did not have preparation well before the show. He was also worry of his students. Helen and Linda were students who were gave up. Similar to Helen and Linda, Bob and Joe also made Mr. Gage upset. They could not prepare their costume and makeup well. However, Frank still force them to hold the show.
The second analysis is the point of view. Point of view is the way the author allows you to “see” and “hear” what’s going on. This story uses the third person point of view. Third person point of view is that of an outsider looking at the action. It uses the third person pronoun, he, she and they to tell the story. Third person point of view is divided into: Third person omniscient (in which the thoughts of every character are open to the reader). Third person limited (in which the reader enters only one character’s mind). Third person is the most common point of view in all genres except young adult fiction where first person is more common. It is the viewpoint that we are most familiar with as readers and so the transition to writing third person is quite natural.
The third analysis is that the setting. This story use time setting about 7.45 P.M. Beside that, this action took place in the dressing room of an auditorium. A classroom may serve as the dressing room. There was a table on the stage right with makeup mirrors and makeup. Two chairs were in front of the table. Another table and chair were along the up center wall. A single chair was down stage left. There was a door in the center of the left wall and another on the right of the rear wall. Mr. Gage was talking to his students giving them last minute directions. He stood up left center. Helen was seated in the chair down right. Joe was seated next to her perhaps straddling his chair. Bob was in a chair upstage and Linda was in the chair down left. The situation was so tight because all of the characters were worried and nervous. They were not ready to present the show. Their makeup and their dresses were not well yet. The time always pushed them to be in stage soon.
The fourth analysis is about the plot. I think this story use a kind of plot: forward because the sequence of events in this story go forward. There is no event that goes to the previous event. Beside that, this story also uses the dialogue, not a report text. Mr. Gage gave his students last directions before the presentation. First he gave support to them, but suddenly he was upset because of the students. He also became worry like his students. Suddenly Frank came and informed that it was show time. All of the students became confused. They did not prepare their dress and their makeup well yet. Then Frank came for the last and asked them to get their time presentation.
The fifth analysis is that the theme. From the whole story we would know the theme after we have read it. We can also know the theme from the situation, the setting and also from the characterization. From this story, I think the suitable theme is about social life in a farce especially because the action was taken in society conflict.
The sixth analysis is that the style. Style in literature refers to the way in which an author puts together words, and the kinds of words he uses. Most good writers have a recognizable style. Hemingway, for example, was famous for short, declarative sentences. The style an author chooses is very important to the way the reader experiences the work. Literary style can be classified by formality, directness, complexity of language and the tendency to use imagery. For example, a realistic style usually has stark imagery and relatively straightforward sentences, while a romantic style has flowery images and flowing sentences. Technique in literary is simply means everything that the artist-writer uses with particular artistic intentions, it refers to specific aspect of literature. This story, in my opinion, uses preference-descriptive technique because the author described the place or setting in details. Moreover, the author also uses sentence diction in his story.
In short, there are six analysis of this story in term of character and characterization, point of view, setting, plot, theme, and style. The analysis of formalistic approach makes the reader very close to the work and the meaning through the message in it.  In my opinion this is an interesting story that shoul be read.

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THE EMERGENCE OF LAKE RAWA PENING , AN INDONESIAN FOLK TALE

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           Once upon a time in old Java there was a village.  Pening was its name.  Pening was a prosperous village.  The land was fertile and the weather was always good all year round.  It was on the slope of Mount Merbabu so the climate was cool.  People made their living by cultivating rice, vegetables and fruits.  The harvest was always satisfying.  So all of them lived a happy life.  That’s why once a year they held a ceremony called ‘Bersih desa’.  It was a kind of thanks giving day.  It was a day when they express their thankfulness to God for a successful harvest.  They would clean their village and then they would pray together.  At night they would have a dinner together and held teater performances.
            One day after a succesful harvest they would celebrate it.  That time they wanted something special.  They wanted more meat for dinner.  So they went hunting in a wood.  Just outside of the village there was a wood where there were many animals like deer, buffalo, mouse deer, lamb and many other.  But that day there was no animal at all.  Animals were nowhere to be seen.  They had searched every inch of the wood but still their effort were in vain.  When it was almost dark, they were very tired so they took a rest.  They sat on something that look like a rock and a big root.  Everybody was silent because they were exhausted and disappointed.
            Then suddenly someone chopped the big root with his sword to relief his disappointment.  Amazingly there was blood coming out of the root.  They were surprised.  Someone tried to chop it deeper.  He found meat !  So they chopped more and more.  After their bags were full of meat they were satisfied.  Then they went home happily.
            That night the people of Pening were preparing a big dinner.  They wanted a special dinner with the meat they got from the wood.  Just as they were preparing dinner, a boy came to the village.  He looked poor.  He begged food to some people.  But they refused.  Someone said :
‘We are preparing dinner.  You may come to our dinner tonight.  But not now’.
‘But I am very hungry, please’.
‘Just come here tonight’.
            But then there was an old widow who took care of him.  She was just a poor widow.  She gave him food and shelter. 
‘You may take a rest here.  Join us tonight for dinner’.
‘Thank you very much.  You are very kind to me.  You are the only one who helped me.  That’s why I will save you.  Tonight there will be a great event here’.
‘Yes, there will be a great party’.
‘No, I mean something special’
‘What do you mean?’
‘I cannot say now.  But listen to me.  Prepare a boat for you’
‘Why? What will happen?’
‘Just do as I say’
‘Please tell me what will happen?’
‘OK, you are very kind to me so I will tell you but please promise me you won’t tell anyone’.
‘OK, I promise’
‘I am Naga Baru Klinting.  I am a dragon. I was meditating in the slope of Mount Merbabu when your people hurt me.  They hurt me by chopping my body.  Now they are preparing dinner with meat from my body.  So I will take my revenge tonight,  but I will save you.  Prepare a boat for you’.
‘Oh, please don’t do that.  Forgive my people’
‘Whatever will be , will be.  Good bye’.
            Then the boy left.  Just before the dinner began at the village hall some boys were playing in the yard.  Suddenly a boy came to them.
‘Hi guys a have a game for you’
            Then he held a small bamboo and attached it to the ground.
‘If you can pull it, I will give you a special present’
‘Oh, that’s very easy’, a boy said.
            He tried to pull it but it was very strong so he could not pull it.  Another boy tried but he also failed.  Everybody failed.  Then this game drew adult’s attention.  One by one they tried to pull but all of them could not make it.  When many people gathered then the boy said.
‘O people of Pening.  I am Naga Baru Klinting.  I am a dragon.  I was meditating in the slope of mount Merbabu when you chopped me.  Now I will take my revenge.  Enjoy your party’.
            Then he pulled the bamboo.  Amazingly, water poured from the ground.  The water immediately flooded the village.  Finally the whole village sank under water.  They were all drowned and died in the lake.  There was only one survivor.  The poor old widow.  She had prepared a simple boat so she could survive.  Since then on the lake is called Rawa Pening.  Rawa means lake in Javanese and Indonesian language.  Today the lake is located in the province of central Java, Indonesia.  

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KANCIL AND MONKEY ( A piece of cake)

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When my grandmother was alive, and I'm still in childhood, but now the grandmother was dead. Every night before going to bed, my grandmother always tells a story, be it history or fairy tales about animals. Well this time, I will tell the story of my grandmother who was still recorded in my memory, a story about a deer with a monkey. He exclaimed curious yuch ... let's read the story below.

One day in the forest, there are many kinds of animals living in harmony and peace each other. Each animal has his own life and activities. But there is one animal that is always making trouble and is very clever, the name is Kancil. With the cunning of reason and intelligence to speak to fool his opponent. Kancil known as the beast with a million clever deception. Well this time the target monkeys.
On one day a monkey was enjoy hanging and shade under the bamboo tree. Singing, whistling with the cool and peaceful porch enjoying a piece of cake. Kancil Come, see the monkey that was cool to enjoy a piece of cake. Cunning of reason appears to take the cake in the hands Monkey.

The monkey then had to come up Kancil, while asking "What up Cil? You call me."
Kancil : "Nyet .. Can you given me a bit of cake, just a little"
Monkey : "Yes ... Cil .. I'm care about others, yes this is my half of the cake,"
Kancil : "Thank ya Nyet ... you're so good, but let's me to cut the cake,"

Monkey give the cake to be cut by Kancil without the slightest suspicion against the Kancil. "This is the cake you cut a fair Cil ...," The monkey said as he handed a cake to Kancil.
Kancil with a sly sense to cut the cake, one big and other small without the knowledge of the Monkey. Then give a small part to Monkey then the great he held his own. "Cil ... why is big your one?," Said Monkey.
Kancil : "Come give to me, I make for the same cake," and Kancil eat a little of the cake which he held, "It's the same?."
Monkey: "Not Cil ... this is still a big mine,"
Kancil Monkey takes the cake hands and ate a little cake, and so on until the cake was eaten Kancil.
Finally Kancil eaten all the cake while Monkey just got upset at not getting the cake when the cake was his own. Since then the Monkey hates Kancil. Well that was a little story about the cunning that made Kancil. Thank you have read this story may be useful.

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English Listening, Easy or Difficult?

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By Evi Rani

Nowadays, English become international language and people are required to be able communicate in English. Even thought, many of them take some courses to improve their ability in spoken English. However, English listening is a kind of English skills which is hard to be improved. Why is English Listening so difficult? There must be some reasons.
   (OPINION) The first factor is native speakers. Most students agree that English Listening is difficult to be improved. Both of high school students and college students have the same problem. According to Nanda Tri Herwika, a senior high school student who wanted to take English as her major, the causes did not always come from internal. “External factor like the native speaker can influence the listener,” said her. On the other hand, Mei Dwi Cipta and Novantry Ramadhan, students of senior high school in third grade, agreed that native speakers were difficult to be followed. “The native speakers have different accent with us, so we have difficulties in understanding what they said,” said the other students at the same school with Nanda and Mei, “sometimes it is hard for us to catch what they said because their pronunciation is not too clear.”
(FACT)The second factor is the speed of speech. In the diagram beside, the second factor after native speaker is followed by the speed of speech. The listeners could not catch what the speakers said in high speed clearly. Moreover, if the speakers said too slowly, the listeners would get bored to wait them. According to the data, a quarter number of the respondent stated that they often could not catch what the speaker said because of the speed of speech. There are 25% from 40 respondents who agree that the speed of speech can influence the readers. Moreover, English people and Indonesian people have different speed in speech.

The last factor is that the content. According to Larry M. Lynch, 2005, of the four basic English language skills, reading, writing, speaking and listening, the most difficult to acquire is listening comprehension. It is also the one skill which cannot be "taught". There are four factors which can affect the difficulty of language listening tasks. Here is what they are and how they affect listening comprehension skills. The content includes grammar, vocabulary, and background knowledge assumed. The grammar and structure should be familiar for the listeners. Moreover, the vocabulary belongs to the content.  If more than 10 of the words are unknown, the text has less than a 90% vocabulary recognition rate.
It is clear that the native speakers and the speech of speed are the most problem for listener in English Listening. The listeners can also be a problem that from internal. However, we will not have difficulties in English Listening if we always practice over and over.

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How to Manage Our Financial?

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Most of university students are far from their parents. They live in a boarding house or in a dormitory. They should take care of their money and have ability to manage their money because parents usually give them monthly money. That is why learning how to manage our financial is important such as listing, dividing, and saving.
The first step is listing our daily needs. After getting monthly money from our parents, we try to make a list for our daily needs. This way helps us to avoid overspending the money. In any case, we hope this will be a useful way to monitor our saving and spending habits. In our budgeting plan, there is a list of necessary and unnecessary things that are needed. Necessary things include meal, drinking, pay a boarding house rent, and fee for doing assignment. New clothes, new shoes, and accessories belong to unnecessary things because we do not really need them. We often do not realize how much we are spending on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis. Writing down our expenses is also a way to help keep track of these habits. However, that is much easier said than done.
The next step is dividing our money. After listing our daily needs, we are recommended to divide our money into some parts. In this way, we will divide it into three parts. The first part is the money for paying and buying the necessary needs. The second part is our money that we will spend for the unnecessary things such as go shopping or travelling. The last part is the rest of our money. We can save the rest of our money and we will use it whenever we need. This way also helps us to considering
The last step is saving. Saving in here means if there is rest money after considering how much we will spend our money. If there is no rest, it is not too important for us to force saving. After dividing the money into some parts, the last part that we plan for saving, is better to put far away from the other parts. It helps us to avoid not to using this money whenever we do not really need it. We can do saving the money in a bank or in piggy bank. Saving in bank is better than in piggy bank, because the safety in bank is
In brief, listing and dividing are important ways for us if we really want to manage our financial. Those way help us to avoid overspending the money. Saving, in my opinion, is necessary when our entire daily needs have been fulfilled. However, it is hard to do those ways especially for women whose hobby is go shopping.

By: Evi Rani
100221400406

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Education in Australia

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By: Evi Rani
Education is important thing in our live. As a developed country, responsibility for education in Australia is divided between the State or Territory and Commonwealth Governments with funding from both levels of government. According to the level, education system in Australia can be divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary education.
The first group is primary education which is seven years of preliminary courses where the children commence their education at the age of 5 years old or Year-1, and will be completing at the age of 12 years or Year-7. This level of education provides general education for the students and gets them ready for a role in society and for the next level of education. There are both State and private primary schools. In the State schools, there are no fees, but parents are required to pay for uniforms, books and stationery, excursions, and supporting activities. Private schools do receive government funding, but parents also pay fees which can vary substantially from one school and the others. A large number of private schools are operated by the Catholic Education Office. The fees at that school are often lower than the other private schools. State schools are free to attend for Australian citizens and permanent resident, while Catholic and private schools usually charge attendance fees.
The next group is students move to secondary schools at the age of 12 years old and it is mandatory to complete their two years of ‘junior high school’ until the Year-10. After that, they have to decide to discontinue their education or can pursue their further course of study. The Year-11 and -12 are optional.  Students have to accomplish another two years of ‘high school diploma’. Students leaving their school after ‘junior high school’ can also go for vocational education, course or for apprenticeship training to enter the work force. Similar to primary school, there are State and private run secondary schools. The general rule for applying for admission to the State schools is that it is the local school for the area in which we live. However, it is also required be successfully completed to attend a high school diploma.
And finally, students choose for their higher education that awards degree for Bachelors, Masters, and Doctoral studies. Mostly students from overseas come for education this level. Tertiary education in Australia is within the purview of the Australian Qualification Framework (AQF), which aspires to integrate both vocational and higher education into a solitary classification of tertiary education. When Year-12 is published, some universities will make offers to students largely dependent upon their final scores. Fees payable for university courses vary depending upon the university and the course that are taken. As primary and secondary education, Australia has both State and private universities that offer to programs called ‘Under Graduate’ and after graduation courses called ‘Graduate Programs or Post Graduate’.
            There are also many kinds of education in Australia like Kindergarten, Pre-Primary, and Transition schools. However, the main education is primary, secondary, and also tertiary education. I think tertiary education in that country is very popular with its famous universities.

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Twitter or Facebook?

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The phenomenon of social networking sites attracts new users at astounding rates. Many social networks are vying new users because they allow users to connect to each other. The two most popular social networking sites on the Internet are Twitter and Facebook. Both of them have differences in features, popularity and addictivenesss.
Facebook is a social networking site that is more traditional than Twitter. It has interesting features like allow users upload some pictures, add friends, and post comments. We can also have conversation or chat with our friends on Facebook. Similar to Facebook, Twitter is also a social networking site, but it is more famous for its micro blogging features that allow users to post messages from a browser from their mobile phone. Posting tweets, is a simple free operation where we can just post anything. Twitter also let anyone to follow anyone else unless blocked to make some new friends like when we add friends in Facebook.
Considering popularity in the media, Twitter has a larger community than Facebook. There are some TV shows that have their own Twitter and it is more famous compared to Twitter. Most TV shows that like to get feedback from their  viewers instantly use Twitter as a way to communicate with the viewers. There are also a lot more famous people who use the Twitter service than Facebook. The famous people who are on Facebook are usually movie stars who want to gain even more popularity. Twitter provides famous people, looks on what their opinions. The tweets get sent to the followers who are subscribed to their feeds just like an SMS. Even politicians have gotten on the Twitter. They use this to let their constituents know what is happening with them. This capability is very important to them to perform quick damage control when something that they don not like happens.
The biggest differentiator between the two social media sites that, is addictiveness. Both of them appeal to society and addict people to stay connected with friends, family members and find some new friends to make new acquaintances. People usually login to Facebook two or three times a day. People like to see what their friends have been doing, take a quiz, look at a new photo, and then logout. There is a little interactivity and no conversation to speak with others. In contrast, twitter gets their attention maybe five times a day. People will do the obvious of updating their status, but then they will read everyone’s conversation streams and responding it when necessary. An hour can go by and they are still on the site, conversing, reading, updating, and interacting.
In short, Twitter and Facebook are famous social networking sites that addict people to stay connected with others although their features are different. Both of them have the same great popularity. However, many people like using Twitter service than Facebook.    

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Shopping in the Traditonal Market

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by : Evi Rani
Indonesian people are well-known with “consumption people” because they prefer consuming to producing. They will be proud if they buy or have something from other country. Many markets and shopping centres are built to fulfil their needs such as Matos, MOG, Hypermart, Indomart, Alfamart, and some traditional markets. However, most people believe that shopping in traditional market is more interesting than in modern market.
Traditional market is a place that allows the buyers to get some goods for lower prices. The goods in traditional markets and supermarkets have significant difference in pricing. In traditional market, the price is not marked. Different with modern market, the goods have been labeled with fixed prices and more expensive. For example, the price of certain items in traditional market can be 30 percent lower than the ones in the supermarket. Especially for fresh products such as vegetables, fruits, meat, fish, and spices. The  traditional markets typically provide much fresher products than the supermarkets, because they have not added preservatives. Beside that, we can also get another goods like clothes, bags, shoes, sandals, and the others with low prices.
The second example is that the buyer who does not agree with the price can make bargaining into a suitable price. The fine art of bargaining is taken to new levels as housewives and household try to get the cheapest price as possible. People who want to go shopping in traditional market should be able to bargain. If they are good in bargaining, they can get goods at very low price. Supermarket or modern market has a certain  price. It does not allow us to make a bargaining like in traditional market. Although they give a discount, the price still higher than traditional market has.
Traditional markets typically have one seller on one shop. It does not make us difficult to pay something that we have bought. It means that the procedures are not complicated like in supermarket which we have to go to the cashier for payment. We just take time to talk with the seller and show our curiosity and interest in the various items. Once we establish a relationship with one seller, we will get better prices by returning to that person each time we go shopping.  From time to time, in appreciation for the repeat business, the seller may gift us with an extra item for our use.
In summary, there are many interesting activities when we go shopping in traditional market. We can make a bargaining or talking with the seller to get the cheapest price. I think it will be better if we try to go shopping and compare the price between supermarket and traditional market by ourselves.

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Short Stories for Beginning Writers

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                                                                  by: Evi Rani
Most writers have the beginning of at least one novel in their   bestseller. They began to write their own fiction from a small fiction not directly. After they were success with their small fiction, they tried to continue to write in larger  fiction like a novel. It takes a great deal of skills to write in large fiction like a novel. It also spent much time to finish it and sometimes we feel so hard to find inspiration. Short stories are the best place for new writers to hone their fiction.
            A short story is a slice of  life. Short stories can be read comfortably only in one sitting. It does not take much time to read a short story because it content of few words. Short stories can be anything from 500 to 5000 words. Anything under 500 words tends to be called micro fiction and anything over 5000 words moves into novel fiction. Short stories have one plot, two or three main characters, climax, conclusion and have no more than two locations. It also have an opening that is developed in the middle which reaches climax. It does not need a great skill to try to make a short stories.
            Before we try to make a short story, we should gather ideas for our story. Inspiration can strike at anytime and anywhere. We carry notepad wherever we  go, so that we can write down story ideas that came to us. Most of time, we will think of small information such as plot, character’s name, setting of background, and etc. Sometimes we will get lucky and a whole story will reveal itself only in a few minutes. If we have a trouble finding inspiration, or we need to write a short story in hurry, we have to look at family or friends for inspiration. We also can find more inspiration from a real people. We can use habitual of people that we know or even the strangest people that we notice. For example, we  might notice someone who is always coming late at the class, someone who talk a loud, booming voice and etc. All of these observations would together make a very interesting characters.
             It can make us despair when we are having trouble in writing. We can  get angry at characters, or feel like want to throw the things around us. Sometimes we can begin to doubt our own writing if we dislike something that we have written. Our mind can easily tell us that it is hard to continue and we should give up. When these toughts came we can easily take over and make us quit to write a short story. One of the hardest tasks as the writer is to erase those feelings and continue writing. When we begin to have these doubtful feelings, or get tired or bored, stop writing. We can take out, take a walk, or do anything relax that can make our mind so fresh when we return. We may still not want to write, but tell ourselves few good things about our story from one good passage we have written.
            In short, it is possible for us to to try to write a short story that needs few time and contents few words. We also can find inspiration anytime and anywhere easily. One important thing while writing is do not give up and still continue to finish it. Just tell ourselves that we can write a short story because we want to.

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Studying Al-Quran is an Interesting Activity

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            When I was a child, my mother always reminded me to recite Al-Qur’an everyday. I did not why I should do it. I just thought that it was importan book. So, I followed what my mother asked. One day, after I entered at elementary school, my religion teacher told me that Al-Qur’an is our guidance. Because of that reason I tried to study Al-Qur’an continously.
            Reading Al-Qur’an is not easy. That is why I need a long time to be able to read it. Even though I read Al-Qur’an everyday, I still commited some mistakes. It was dificult enough, but there are many interesting things that found. For example, the letters in Al-Qur’an have unique caracteristic and also have a similar sounds. It was dificult enough to pronounce. First, I studied the letters with my father. Then, he taught me about pronounciation and intonation. After I understood it, I tried to study the meaning by myself. Finally, I could read Al-Qur’an clearly enough.
            Another eexample that made me interested in studying Al-Qur’an is the stories about people in the past. From those stories I got some knowledge about the prophets’ lives. I was told by my parents and my religion teacher about the names of prophets. Therefore, I had already known about their names. From the Al-Qur’an I also understood about how the prophets had received the divine revelation. Moreover, I also knew about how they became the chosen men and spread the religion values to us as their followers. There were so many marvelous phenomena that had happened when they lived. Those phenomena are well forever.
            As a good moslems, we should do everythings that can develop our belief to Allah. One of the ways to make Allah loves us is by doing everythings that Allah asked. Of course, that is available in Al-Qur’an. Al-Qur’an gives us many guidance to a better life. Not only about story and guidance, but also about punishmen. In Al-Qur’an Allah reminds us to always pray and obey the rules. Allah also tell us about the last day. So, do not avoid the Al-Qur’an
            From the example above, I know there are many things that I learn by studying Al-Qur’an. I get knowledge  about prophet story, religion values, punishment, etc. I think those contents make studying Al-Qur’an becomes an interesting activity. Thas is way I try to study Al-Qur’an everyday.

Gita Insani Maryam
100221404970

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Are You Rich or Lack of Vocabulary?

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Vocabulary is commonly defined as "all the words known". Learning vocabulary is one of the first steps of learning a second language, yet a learner never finishes vocabulary acquisition. Knowing lots of vocabulary can make us study English easily. On the other hand, lacking of vocabulary will make us have difficulties in study English.
As an English department student, vocabulary is very important to improve our skills in. All of my friends, English department students who have been interviewed by me, said that vocabulary is very important for them because it is the basic skill to study English. They cannot study anything when they do not have vocabulary, so that they should have lots vocabularies in their minds. Lacking of vocabulary makes them find difficulties to understand the meaning. For example, one of my friends, an English department student, Rulia said “I was so confused when my lecture spoke to me, I could not listen clearly because I did not understand the meaning of the words she said.” Not only Rulia, but also some of my friends in class, they have difficulties to understand the meaning when they listen someone speaking. Another students , Fifi said “having many vocabularies and understanding the meaning of words can help my writing skill.” Different from Fifi, Fitria has difficulty in speaking. She said that she was lack of vocabulary, sometimes she did not understand the meaning, so she could not speak fluently because she was confused using the words. From those quotations, we know that lacking of vocabulary very influences our English skills to understand the meaning.
Studying English forces us to do many activities which can improve our ability in English. Reading is one of activities that can be done to increase a number of our vocabulary. Moreover, we can find so many new vocabularies. Some of my friends get many difficulties when they join reading class. One of their reasons is lack of vocabulary, so they cannot read properly. After having interviewed some students, I found that 10 from 13 students have difficulties in reading. In other words, 77% of our friends are difficult to read properly, and 23% of them do not have difficulties in reading. From that presentation we know that people who do not able to read properly are bigger. It means that most of them are lack of vocabulary, so that they cannot read properly. As we know in studying interpretive and affective reading, we get so many difficulties understanding of words, especially in diction and fiction. We are never far from our dictionary because there are so many unfamiliar words that we found.
The last effect of lack vocabulary is difficult to speak fluently. Some of English students cannot speak fluently because they do not have many vocabularies, so they still try to remind the words when they are speaking. Vocabulary very influences our speaking skill because when we are speaking we will use so many vocabularies. Our vocabulary can be increased indirectly by communication. When you find new vocabulary, try to use it in your writing or speaking. Brandon Harris in his blog, wrote “A vocabulary usually develops with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge. A person's speaking vocabulary is all the words he or she can use in speech. Due to the spontaneous nature of the speaking vocabulary, words are often misused. This misuse – though slight and unintentional – may be compensated by facial expressions, tone of voice, or hand gestures.”
 In conclusion, vocabulary is very important. As an English department student, we should increase our vocabulary more and more. Having many vocabularies make study English easily. It is also important to improve our skills in English.
References:     www.wikipedia-vocabulary.com
                        www.prel.org

Gita Insani Maryam
100221404970

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Kind of Kitchen Sections In a Three Star Hotel

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Kitchen is a well designed area in which food is prepared as cooked for customer services. In a modern definition kitchen can be define as a well designed closed area with skillful utensils which is used for preparing food item as per guest order by following standard recipes. Different from kitchen in our house, kitchen in a three star hotel has some sections. It can be classified according to their function; Hot kitchen, Cold kitchen, and Pastry.
The first section is Hot kitchen. It is one of section in the kitchen of hotel where a chef  handle and produce all of main course and also concentrate on the production of foods presented hot. Actually, hot kitchen also called “Main Kitchen”. It means that all of main menu is produced in this section to fulfil all customer needs.  This section badly needs an experienced chef to produce all the menu.   There are some products that are reduced by hot kitchen such as: kinds of steak, kinds of fried foods, kinds of soup and many others. Based on its product, hot kitchen can be meant as a section that produce all of menu by cooking process. Because of its function, this  section is the most important part in a kitchen of a hotel.

The Cold Kitchen. It is the second section in the kitchen of  hotel. It is area where a chef centralize and concentrate on the production of foods presented cold. Many of the items need to be cooked before they are worked on here. However, in the end, all presentations from the kitchen are cold. Some products that are produced in this section are kind of salad, kinds of cold sauce, kinds of sliced fruits and kinds of pudding. Moreover, it also produces kinds of dessert and appetizer This section also function as a part that can  fulfil basic ingredients of food for the hot kitchen section.

The Pastry section is another section in the kitchen where a pastry chef produce the wide variety of different sweet dough, confections, desserts and pastries consumed in the hotel. The work of this section is normally separated from the main kitchen and is self-contained in the matter of cold storage. The function of this section is to prepare hot and cold sweets, for lunches, dinners and pastries for tea-time and other occasions. It also prepares pastes like short and puff pastry, frying batters for making noodles for supply to other corners of the kitchen. The art of pastry includes work like colored sugars to make flower baskets and similar decorative centre pieces, work with fondant and icing sugar, gum pastes, fashioning of praline into decorative objects. Where hotels operate a bakery section, the responsibility is carried out by the master baker. The section needs workers with skill, imagination and experience to create the best product. Without this section, the available menu will not be perfect.

In conclusion, kitchen department in a three star hotel has some sections that can be classified base on their function. Those sections are hot kitchen, cold kitchen, and pastry. All of them have different product and also related each other. I think that one of these section there is no in the kitchen department, restaurant operational will not run well.

Category: 9 comments

How to Make Our Dreams Come True

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Dream is something that cannot be seen by eyes, but can be felt. Ever since I was a kid, I have loved to dream amazing dreams. One day it might be flying, the next day it might be racing, and on another it might be inventing something new. Dreams are one of the wonders of life. It is curious to me how our minds can take the things we see, hear, and feel and create completely new images in our mind’s eye. There are three important ways to make our dreams come true: write them down, dream big dreams, and focus on your dreams.
The first way that we should do to make our dreams come true is write them down. A dream written down and attached to a date becomes a goal. It sounds over-simplistic, yet that simple act is the difference between a dreamer and a doer. People who set written goals are much more successful than those that do not. They have a clear purpose to realize their dreams. To help you turn your dreams into reality, I have developed some tools that can help you take the first step. The first one is Goal Setting Toolkit, simple card based system gives you a place to capture your short and long term goals and keep them in front of you wherever you go and the second one is Daily Planner, handy sheet that you can print out on your printer has a place for your top objectives for the day. It is a great place to put the action steps necessary to achieve your goals. Putting your goals where you can see them is really important.
Dream big dreams, is the second way that we should do to make our dreams come true. All people can dream and all people have so many dreams to be gotten in their live. The amazing thing to me is the fact that it is easier to accomplish a big dream than a small one. Big dreams are exciting and keep us motivated. They get us up in the morning and keep us motivated through the day. They attract other people to get involved. Little dreams are easily forgotten and often abandoned. Do not ever stop dreaming, because it can make you even become people who do not benefit. Try to always dream big dream and do not give up.
The last way that you should do to make your dreams come true is focus on your dreams. We have so many dreams, but we do nothing. It would not help us to get our dreams. Do not waste your time and your breath to do something unnecessary. Focus on our goals will make our dreams more quickly achieved. Focus is critical to achieving our goals. Start to always think that our dreams will occur, and eliminate the negative thinking about ourselves. Focusing on one important goal at a time will help you stay on track.
Dream will be difficult to get if we do nothing. Do all the best ways that can help you to make your dreams come true. The dream is there. It is not magic. It is not the big break. Its giving ourselves permission to pull out all stops. Find a dream and you will make that dream happen.



00221404970Maryam
tive thoughtsams thing.something thatGita Insani Maryam
100221404970





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